Python Datetime
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Python Datetime
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Python Dates
A date in Python is not a data type of its own, but we can import a module
named datetime to work with dates as date
objects.
Example
Import the datetime module and display the current date:
import datetime
x = datetime.datetime.now()
print(x)Run example »
Date Output
When we execute the code from the example above the result will be:
cc = "2018/05/06 09:30:20"
var d = new Date();
var m = d.getMonth() + 1;
if (m < 10) m = "0" + m
var day = d.getDate();
if (day < 10) day = "0" + day;
var h = d.getHours();
if (h < 10) h = "0" + h;
var n = d.getMinutes();
if (n < 10) n = "0" + n;
var s = d.getSeconds();
if (s < 10) s = "0" + s;
var ms = d.getMilliseconds();
while (ms.toString().length < 3) {
ms = "0" + ms;
}
var ex = Math.floor(Math.random() * 999);
while (ex.toString().length < 3) {
ex = "0" + ex;
}
var x = d.getFullYear() + "-" + m + "-" + day + " " + h + ":" + n + ":" + s + "." + ms + ex
document.write(x);
The date contains year, month, day, hour, minute, second, and microsecond.
The datetime module has many methods to return information about the date
object.
Here are a few examples, you will learn more about them later in this
chapter:
Example
Return the year and name of weekday:
import datetime
x = datetime.datetime.now()
print(x.year)
print(x.strftime("%A"))Run example »
Creating Date Objects
To create a date, we can use the datetime() class (constructor) of thedatetime module.
The datetime() class requires three parameters to create a date: year,
month, day.
Example
Create a date object:
import datetime
x = datetime.datetime(2020, 5, 17)
print(x)Run example »
The datetime() class also takes parameters for time and timezone (hour,
minute, second, microsecond, tzone), but they are optional, and has a default
value of 0, (None for timezone).
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The strftime() Method
The datetime object has a method for formatting date objects into readable strings.
The method is called strftime(), and takes one parameter, format, to specify the format of the returned string:
Example
Display the name of the month:
import datetime
x = datetime.datetime(2018, 6, 1)
print(x.strftime("%B"))Run example »
A reference of all the legal format codes:
| Directive | Description | Example | Try it |
|---|---|---|---|
| %a | Weekday, short version | Wed | Try it » |
| %A | Weekday, full version | Wednesday | Try it » |
| %w | Weekday as a number 0-6, 0 is Sunday | 3 | Try it » |
| %d | Day of month 01-31 | 31 | Try it » |
| %b | Month name, short version | Dec | Try it » |
| %B | Month name, full version | December | Try it » |
| %m | Month as a number 01-12 | 12 | Try it » |
| %y | Year, short version, without century | 18 | Try it » |
| %Y | Year, full version | 2018 | Try it » |
| %H | Hour 00-23 | 17 | Try it » |
| %I | Hour 00-12 | 05 | Try it » |
| %p | AM/PM | PM | Try it » |
| %M | Minute 00-59 | 41 | Try it » |
| %S | Second 00-59 | 08 | Try it » |
| %f | Microsecond 000000-999999 | 548513 | Try it » |
| %z | UTC offset | +0100 | |
| %Z | Timezone | CST | |
| %j | Day number of year 001-366 | 365 | Try it » |
| %U | Week number of year, Sunday as the first day of week, 00-53 | 52 | Try it » |
| %W | Week number of year, Monday as the first day of week, 00-53 | 52 | Try it » |
| %c | Local version of date and time | Mon Dec 31 17:41:00 2018 | Try it » |
| %x | Local version of date | 12/31/18 | Try it » |
| %X | Local version of time | 17:41:00 | Try it » |
| %% | A % character | % | Try it » |
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